Receiver for wireless communication.



- G. MORIN.

P-ATENTED DEC. 8, 1903.

RECEIVER FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 1903.

NO MODEL.

zzgl 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Patented December 8, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE MORIN, OF HAVANA, CUBA.

RECEIVER FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 746,557, dated December8, 1903.

Application filed January 20, 1903. Serial No. 139.818- (No model.)

To all whom, it 11mg concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE MORIN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Havana, Cuba, have invented a new and Improved Receiver forWireless Communication, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates to wireless communication, my more particularobject being to produce a coherer in which the filings are restoredmagnetically. My invention further relates to certain improvements inthe coherer-circuit.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in-all the figures.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section through the coherer upon the line1 1 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section upon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 looking in the directionof the arrow. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section through thecoherer-tube, and Fig. 4 is a diagram of the wiring.

Two metallic plates 1 2 are connected with a base-plate 3, of insulatingmaterial, being secured thereto by means of screws 4 5. These plates areseparated by an air-space 6, and thereby insulated each from the other.The binding-posts 7 8 are connected with the wires 9 10. A verticalplate 11 is secured upon the base 3 by means of the screws 12. Acylindrical casing 13, of metal, is mounted upon a threaded boss and isprovided with threads 15 for this purpose. The coherer-tube is shown at16 and is preferably closed at its upper end, as shown, and the airwithin it extracted. Two conducting-plates 1'7 18 are separated by aninsulating-plate 19, the upper portion of the three plates being soshaped as to form a substantially conical basin 20.

Disposed loosely within the tube 1b is a tubular armature 21, of iron,provided with an iron pole-piece 22, which is normally free to enter thebasin 20. The filings 23, of iron or other material sensitive 'tomagnetic influence, are disposed within the basin 20 and are free tocluster upon the pole-piece 22, as shown at 23 in Fig. 3. The solenoid22 is provided with an insulating-casing 23", and

into this casing is fitted a revoluble screw 24, which passes through aslot 25 in the plate 11 and is provided with a milled head 26 andshoulder 27, as indicated more particularly in Fig. 1. By means of themilled head 26 the screw 24 may be tightened or loosened, and when loosemay be used as a handle for elevating and lowering the solenoid 22relatively to the coherer-tube 16. By this means the solenoid may beadjusted relatively to the coherer 22 and also to the armature 21.

The wires 8 9, connected with the solenoid 22, lead to the binding-posts28 30 of the sounder 29. A wire 31 connects the bindingpost 30 with thebattery 32, this battery being also connected by a wire 33 with abinding-post 34 in the so-called local circuit of a relay 35. The-otherlocal binding-post 36 of this relay is connected by a wire 37 with thebinding-post 28 of the sounder.

The aerial antenna is shown at 38 and is connected by the wire 10 withthe bindingpost 8, which forms one of the terminals of the coherer, thebinding-post S), forming the other terminal of the coherer, beingconnected directly with the other antenna 40, which is grounded at 41. Awire 42 connects the wire 10 and the aerial antenna 38 with thebinding-post 43, which forms one of the main terminals of the relay 35.The binding-post 44, constituting the other main terminal of this relay,is connected by means of a wire 45 with a battery 47. A wire 46 isconnected with the battery 47 and also with the bindingpost 9 and theground antenna 40.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The several circuits beingconnected, as indicated in Fig. 4, and the armature and filings beingdisposed in their normal positions, (indicated in Fig. 1,) we willsuppose that a wireless call or a wireless message arrives in the usualmanner through the mediu m of Hertzian waves. The waves strike theantennae and set up oscillations therein, which cause the fillings 23 tocohere in the manner well known in the art and exemplified, forinstance, in the Branly tube or in the Marconi coherer. The normalresistance of the filings is diminished in consequence of the well-knowneffect of the Hertzian waves, and the current from the battery 47pursues the following course, to wit: wire 46, terminal 9, horizontalplate 1, vertical plate 18, within the coherer-tube, filings 23,vertical plate 17, within the coherer-tube, horizontal plate 2,wire10,wire 42, main relay-terminals 43 44:, wire 45 back to the terminal47. This energizes the main circuit of the relay 35 in the manner wellknown in the art and establishes the following local circuit: battery32, wire 33,1ocal terminals 34 36,wire 37,sounderterminals 28 30, wire31 back to the battery 32; also, the following divided or shunt circuit:battery 32, wire 33, local terminals 34- 36, wire 37, binding-post 28,wire 9, solenoid 22*,wire 8, binding-post 30,wire 31 back to the battery32. It will be observed, therefore, that the battery 32 energizes thesounder 29 and the solenoid 22 simultaneously, the sounder and solenoidbeing connected in parallel with each other. The sounder 29 thusenergized gives its usual clicking sound, which is audible to theoperator and may have its usual signification in the Morse alphabet. Thesolenoid 22 being energized simultaneously with the sounder excites thearmature 21, rendering the same magnetic, and as the pole-piece 22 isresting upon the filings 23 the filings are immediately caused tocluster, as indicated in Fig. 3, the armature 21 being lifted bodily toa greater or less extent, according to the adjustment of the screw 24.If desired, the armature 21 may be lifted to such a distance as tocompletely break the circuit through the coherer. Generally speaking,however, the adjustment of the screw need not be such that the filingswill completely open the circuit.

The instrument works well where the contact is rendered continuous, butvariable,the filings 23 being caused to cluster, but not totallydisconnected from the conductingplates 17 18. The current through thecoherer being either broken or diminished in power, the armature 21 isof course lowered into its normal position of rest upon the loosefilings, as indicated in Fig. 1.

It will be seen that the substantially conical form of the basin 20causes the filings to be forced slightly together by their own gravityand that the form of the pole-piece 22 enables it to mate the basin 20,so that the mag netic lines of force emanating from the polepiece 22 mayhave a favorable chance to act upon the filings.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In a coherer, the combination of a member providedwith a basin and with filings disposed within said basin, a member ofmagnetic material disposed adjacent to said basin and movable relativelythereto, said magnetic member being normally free to attract saidfilings, and means for magnetically changing the position of said memberof magnetic material and at the same time varying the magnetism of saidmember of magnetic material.

2. In acoherer, the combination of a member provided with asubstantially conical basin and with filings disposed therein, a memberof magnetic material provided with a substantially conical pole-piecedisposed partially within said basin and movable relatively thereto, andmeans for magnetically exciting said member of magnetic material.

3. In a coherer, the combination of a vertically-disposed tube, asolenoid encircling said tube, means controllable at will for adjustingsaid solenoid relatively to said tube, mechanism located within saidtube for supporting filings, and terminal connections for said filings.

at. In a coherer, the combination of a hollow member, conducting membersmounted therein and provided with terminal connections, insulatingmaterial sandwiched between said conducting members, said insulatingmaterial and said conducting members being fashioned so as to presentthe form of a basin, filings disposed within said basin, an armatureloosely mounted within said hollow member and provided with a surface ofa conformity analogous to that of said basin, and magnetic mechanism formoving said armature relatively to said basin.

5. In a coherer, the combination of a hollow member, conducting membersmounted therein and provided with terminal connections, means forinsulating said conducting members from each other, iron filingslooselydisposed within said hollow member and normally free to make contactwith said conducting members, an armature loosely mounted within saidhollow member and free to move relatively to said conducting members andalso free, when magnetically excited, to attract said filings, and amagnetic member for lifting said armature and exciting the same.

6. In a coherer, the combination of a hollow tube provided with filingssensitive to magnetic influence and also provided with terminals, aniron armature disposed Within said tube and provided with a poledisposed adjacent to said filings, a cylindricalsolenoidencirclingsaidtube, and means, controllable at will, for adjusting saidsolenoid lengthwise of said tube.

7. A. coherer, comprising a hollow member provided with filingssensitive to magnetic influence and connected with terminals, an ironarmature disposed within said hollow member and free to move relativelythereto so as to affect the conductivity of said filings, said armaturebeing provided with a polepiece of substantially conical form, andmagnetic mechanism for lifting and exciting said armature.

S. In coherer, the combination of a substantially cylindrical tubeprovided with filings sensitive to magnetic influence and In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of[0 two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE MORIN.

Witnesses:

HENRY D. HINMAN, JAMES H. SPRING-ER.

